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A jewel of romanesque architecture, the Saint-Sernin basilica, started around 1070, did not suffer the same ravages as the Daurade priory. It was, however, subjected to several setbacks after the Revolution. The vestiges kept in the Augustins museum witness the two construction campaigns, one of which left an unfinished portal for the west facade towards 1120. The other remains invisible because the cloister, built around 1120-1140, was destroyed at the beginning of the 19th century. The remaining sculptures provide indispensable links in the history of the building and in the history of romanesque sculpture in Toulouse.
The marble bas-relief entitled The sign of the lion and the sign of the ram, whose fame is only matched by that of the mystery of its iconography, was originally probably part of the west portal. Its plastic treatment of sculpture in the round and its style, reminiscent of antiquity, marks the apogee of the sculpted art of the basilica around 1120. Moreover, its style is similar to the portal art by the Goldsmiths of Saint-Jacques-de-Compostella. The museum keeps a series of capitals from the cloister, where the Saint-Sernin square now stands. The animal and ornamental repertoire of this series inaugurates the propensity for the highly decorative that prevailed in Toulouse romanesque sculpture throughout the second half of the 12th century. |