The opening years of the 19th century are represented by a few remarkable paintings by Hennequin (The Battle of Quiberon, which has just undergone several years of restoration), Gros (Hercules and Diomedes) and a beautiful portrait of the latter artist by Gerard. Also displayed is (Tu Marcellus Eris) by Ingres. Alongside these works, which are still very much under the influence of David, are Eugène Isabey's seascapes, some paintings by Victor Schnetz and the Sultan Moulay Abd Al-Rhaman surrounded by his guards, coming out of his palace in Meknes by Delacroix, sent by the state in 1845, and evoking the great French romanticism.

From the 1848 generation, the museum presents a young work by Thomas Couture, The Thirst for Gold(1844), a fine landscape by Gustave Courbet, Anacreon, Bacchus and Love by Jean-Léon Gérôme (From the Salon of 1848) and the Halte forcée by Alexandre Antigna. The work by Gérôme is a good example of the neo-Greek style which was popular in his entourage around 1850. Antigna, however, was delivering a social statement, recalling the artists of the 1848 generation, who, without excessive sentimentalism, portrayed a lucid vision of the political and social reality of their time.

Among the rare purchases made by the city of Toulouse in the 19th century, worthy of mention is The morning star by Corot, one of the first paintings by this master to enter a public collection.